Maqam Material
Sikah
Sikah is one of the great original maqamat in the Arabic system. It is not understood only from its scale, but from its way of stabilizing the tonic, expanding upward, and returning to the tonic at the end.
Sikah Family
عائلة السيكاه من أكثر العائلات المقامية خصوصية في الموسيقى العربية، وتتميّز بعلاقتها الدقيقة بالدرجات الربع-صوتية، وبطابعها الداخلي المركز، وبقدرتها على إنتاج ألوان قوية انطلاقًا من بنية دقيقة وحساسة.
ترتكز هذه العائلة على جنس السيكاه، وتُعد من أهم العائلات لفهم وظيفة الدرجات الربع-صوتية، وكيف تتشكل الشخصية المقامية من خلال القرار، والسير، ومواقع الارتكاز الدقيقة داخل المقام.
- Sikah
Sikah on Mi half-flat + Rast on Sol
Lower jins: Sikah on Mi half-flat
Upper jins: Rast on Sol
المقام الرئيسي للعائلة، والمرجع الأساس لفهم بنية السيكاه ووظيفة الدرجة الربع-صوتية في شخصيته.
- Huzam
Sikah on Mi half-flat + Hijaz on Sol
Lower jins: Sikah on Mi half-flat
Upper jins: Hijaz on Sol
فرع معروف من العائلة، يبرز من خلال تلوين أوضح وتوتر خاص في المنطقة العليا.
- Rahat al-Arwah
Sikah on Si half-flat + Hijaz on Re
Lower jins: Sikah on Si half-flat
Upper jins: Hijaz on Re
فرع يوسّع المجال اللحني للعائلة ويمنحها بروفايلًا علويًا أوضح.
- Iraq
Sikah on Si half-flat + Bayati on Re
Lower jins: Sikah on Si half-flat
Upper jins: Bayati on Re
فرع يرتبط بمعالجة خاصة للقرار والجواب داخل الإطار السيكاهي.
- Awj Iraq
Sikah on Si half-flat + Hijaz on Re
Lower jins: Sikah on Si half-flat
Upper jins: Hijaz on Re
فرع يكشف امتداد اللون العراقي داخل العائلة وعلاقته بالمنطقة العليا.
- Basta Nikar
Sikah on Si half-flat + Saba on Re
Lower jins: Sikah on Si half-flat
Upper jins: Saba on Re
فرع تتحدد هويته من خلال بنية عليا خاصة وتلوين واضح داخل العائلة.
- Mustaar
Mustaar on Mi half-flat + Nahawand on Sol
Lower jins: Mustaar on Mi half-flat
Upper jins: Nahawand on Sol
فرع سيكاهي يتمايز عبر مساره اللحني ومعالجة درجاته العليا.
- Farahnak
Sikah on Si half-flat + Ajam on Re
Lower jins: Sikah on Si half-flat
Upper jins: Ajam on Re
فرع يتلوّن بوضوح في المنطقة العليا ويمنح العائلة مسارًا تعبيريًا مختلفًا.
- Shaar
Sikah on Mi half-flat + Nahawand on Sol
Lower jins: Sikah on Mi half-flat
Upper jins: Nahawand on Sol
فرع يبرز من خلال طريقة الحركة والارتكاز داخل البنية السيكاهية.
- Rahat Faza
Sikah on Mi half-flat + Kurd on Sol
Lower jins: Sikah on Mi half-flat
Upper jins: Kurd on Sol
فرع يطوّر الإمكانات العليا للعائلة عبر معالجة مخصوصة للجواب والسير.
ابدأ بسيكاه لفهم البنية المرجعية للعائلة، ثم انتقل إلى الفروع لمقارنة اللون العلوي والسير اللحني داخلها.
Sikah overview
Sikah is one of the great original maqamat in the Arabic system. It is not understood only from its scale, but from its way of stabilizing the tonic, expanding upward, and returning to the tonic at the end.
- English name: Sikah
- Tonic/Karar: Sikah (E half-flat)
- Lower jins: Jins Sikah on Sikah (E half-flat)
- Upper jins: An upper region containing a secondary Rast with colorings that vary according to branch and context
- Ghammaz: Nawa (G)
- Related sheets: 3
Listening Examples
- Ya Nakhlatayn fi al-'Alali: A well-known vocal example that reveals the sound-world of Sikah
- Ya Ghusn Naqa: A muwashshah that reveals different aspects of Sikah
- Mawlay Katabta Rahmat al-Nas 'Alayk: A devotional setting that reveals a dignified face of Sikah
Reference Recordings
- Taqsim Riyad al-Sunbati on Oud: An important reference for hearing the stabilization of the tonic and the upper expansion in Sikah
- Bashraf Qara Batak Sikah: An instrumental analytical example of Sikah structure
- Ya Nakhlatayn fi al-'Alali: An important popular reference for hearing Sikah in vocal performance
- Ya Ghusn Naqa: A good reference for hearing maqamic treatment of Sikah in a muwashshah context
Maqam Explanation
An original maqam built on Jins Sikah on Sikah (E half-flat), with a clear upper center on Nawa (G) and a secondary Rast color in the upper region before returning to the tonic.
Sikah is one of the great original maqamat in the Arabic system. It is not understood only from its scale, but from its way of stabilizing the tonic, expanding upward, and returning to the tonic at the end.
تظهر عائلة السيكاه من خلال جنس سفلي شديد الخصوصية، وتتشعب في فروع متعددة تختلف في المنطقة العليا، وفي مواقع التوتر والارتكاز، وفي طريقة الصعود نحو الجواب. لذلك فهي عائلة مركزية لفهم التمييز بين البنية المجردة والسلوك اللحني الحقيقي.
Melodic Sayr and Centers of Motion
Maqam Sikah begins from Sikah (E half-flat) and establishes that tonic clearly. It then moves through Jaharkah (F) toward Nawa (G), before opening the upper field gradually. In that upper region, a secondary Rast appears inside the maqam’s own structure rather than as a complete departure from it. The maqam then returns clearly to Sikah (E half-flat) in the final cadence.
- Sikah (E half-flat): the tonic and final resting point
- Nawa (G): a very important upper center inside the development
- Kardan (upper C): a jawab station when the maqam expands above
- Jaharkah (F): a pivotal tone because it completes the original jins and opens the way to the upper path
- Sikah should not be reduced to a mere display of quarter-tone tuning
- The maqam’s identity appears through the stabilization of Sikah (E half-flat) and through its way of rising and returning
- Jins Sikah must be heard in full: Sikah (E half-flat) – Jaharkah (F) – Nawa (G)
- The upper region remains linked to the original tonic and is not detached from it
- Stabilize Sikah (E half-flat) clearly
- Bring out the natural relation with Jaharkah (F)
- Rest temporarily on Nawa (G)
- Open the upper region gradually
- Activate a secondary Rast in the upper region
- Return clearly to Sikah (E half-flat)
Common Modulations and Colorings
- A secondary Rast in the upper structure
- Colorings that vary according to branch and context, especially above the fourth degree
- Many audible changes inside Sikah belong to its own family rather than being full departures to a foreign maqam
- The maqam’s identity is determined by the routes between ajnas and the points of rest, not by the scale alone
Learning and discovery links
- Back to the maqamat index
- Learn Arabic maqam
- Explore the sheet library
- Related maqam: Huzam
- Related maqam: Rahat al-Arwah
- Related maqam: Iraq
- Related maqam: Awj Iraq
- Related maqam: Basta Nikar
- Related maqam: Mustaar
- Related maqam: Farahnak
- Related maqam: Shaar
- Rhythm connected through sheets: Maqsum
- Rhythm connected through sheets: Wahda Kabira
- Rhythm connected through sheets: Fallahi
- Rhythm connected through sheets: Wahda